SEA is a professional authority operating on the territory of the whole Slovakia, the activity of which is focused on the environmental protection, development of environmental policy on the principles of sustainable development.

Statute of the Slovak Environmental Agency from 1 January 2003 No. 23/2003-min.

Decree of the Minister of Environment of the Slovak Republic from 20 December 2002, No. 52/2002 – 1.7. on the issue of the Founder's Deed of the Slovak Environmental Agency

SEA's operation is divided into following spheres of activity:
 
general and cross-sectional activities in all professional fields
spatial development, physical planning, landscape formation, settlements restoration and rural development
waste management
informatics and monitoring
documentation and scientific-technical information
environmental impact assessment
environmental risk assessment and management and chemical safety
environment assessment and environmental regionalisation
environmental economy
environmental education, training and promotion
environmental evaluation and labelling of products 
environmental management systems
cultural landscape and natural heritage protection
revitalization of the load areas
sustainable development