The Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic under Article 36 par. 2 b) Act of the National Council of the Slovak Republic No. 42/1994 Coll. on Civilian Protection of the Population (hereinafter only "Act") provides as follows

The purpose of this Regulation is to regulate

1. the kind and scope of building and technical requirements on structures for the needs of civilian protection focused on the protection of life, health and property, which are not regulated by a special regulation, ¹⁾
2. technical conditions of the facilities of civilian protection ²⁾ for creating prerequisites for decreasing of risks upon appearance of extraordinary events. ³⁾

1. The building and technical requirements for structures because of the requirements of civilian protection are spatial-technical, town planning, building and technical and lay-out solution of structures from the point of view of the needs of civilian protection. They pertain to the procedure in procuring , designing and approving of spatial and planning documentation of a zone and in designing, locating and permitting of protection structures⁴⁾ being built independently and in structures

1. for dwelling,⁵⁾
2. civil amenities,⁶⁾
3. for industry,⁷⁾
4. for agriculture,⁸⁾
5. for storing,⁹⁾
6. for transport,¹⁰⁾
7. for water management.¹¹⁾

2. The building and technical requirements according to paragraph 1 are applied so that the protective structures

1. are built-in in the underground floors of construction objects
2. create an operationally closed unit and transit utilities, which are not connected to it must not be run through it
3. are being designed into places of biggest concentration of persons to who it is necessary to ensure hiding within the walking distance of maximum 500 m
4. are located at least 100 m from bins of volatile substances and gases with toxic effects in case they could endanger the safety of the hidden persons
5. are being located so that the access communications enable drive in to the object for the hiding persons and fulfil the conditions under item 1 letter C part I of the annex of this Regulation (hereinafter only "annex"),
6. are being designed with the capacity over 150 hiding persons under item 5 letter C part I of the annex
7. have in internal areas micro-climatic conditions ensured; the rooms that have character of permanent residence of persons must be equipped with facilities for forced ventilation
8. fulfil protective properties expressed by a protective coefficient of the structure K_o according to the part IV of the annex.

The design documentation of protective structures is being worked out as an independent part of design documentation of structures entered in Article 2 par. 1 of this Regulation and contains affairs under special regulations.¹²⁾

The spatial and planning documentation of protective structures solves hiding of the population in spatial districts differently according to individual categories ¹³⁾

1. in the area of category I in permanent and accident hide-outs for 70% of the number of population, increased, alternatively decreased as a result of migration or evacuation and by complementing form up to 100 % of the number of population in hide-outs built up by self-help during extraordinary situations and under high alert of the state (hereinafter only "hide-outs built by self-help")
2. in the area of category II and III in accident hide-outs for 70 % of the number of the inhabitants increased, alternatively decreased as a result of migration or evacuation and by complementing form up to 100 % of the number of population in hide-outs built up by self-help
3. in the area of category IV in hide-outs built by self-help for 100 % of the number of population

1. For ensuring of hiding ¹⁴⁾ of the inhabitants the plans for hiding of inhabitants are being worked out (hereinafter "plans for hiding").
2. The plans for hiding contain delimitation, way of solution and safeguarding of hiding. A part of the plans for hiding is also their budget and financial coverage.
3. The scope and requirements for hiding of the inhabitants are being worked out in spatial and planning documentation in the form of independent clause ¹⁵⁾ according to criteria provided in Article 4 of this Regulation.
4. The clause of civilian protection is a part of the plan for hiding.

1. Protective structures ¹⁶⁾ are implemented as structures beneficial to the public and are entered in the binding part of spatial and planning documentation. ¹⁷⁾
2. According to protective properties the protective structures are divided to

1. permanent hide-outs
2. accident hide-outs
3. hide-outs built by self-help
4. protected workplaces, which serve for civilian defence high alert of the state (hereinafter only "protected workplaces")

3. Protective structures are carried out

1. already in peace as double-purpose permanent and accident hide-outs with priority of peace utilisation under the necessity to preserve their protective function
2. in extraordinary situations and under high alert of the state as hide-outs built by self-help by modification of suitable spaces in structures according to the plans for hiding
3. on the area, where endangering of life, health and property under the influence of extraordinary events can appear
4. on places of concentration of bigger amount of persons, particularly in areas of mass transport and business centres, in which under extraordinary events endangering of life, health and property can appear
5. in spatial districts, which can be endangered under high alert of the state

4. In carrying out of basic technical conditions and requirements for protective structures the procedure in accordance with the annex is used.

1. Permanent hide-outs are resistant structures

1. for protection against outside static and dynamic load
2. for ensuring of gas-proofness of the structure
3. for ensuring of supply of filtered air for hiding persons
4. for creation of conditions for long term stay of the hiding people, i.e. at least for five days

2. For long term stay of the hiding persons it is necessary to ensure the following :

1. supply of potable water of the volume corresponding to the need of 3 l for a person and a day
2. supply of decontaminating water in the volume of 2 000 L
3. supply of cooling water for diesel unit and facility of pneumatic system
4. supply of fuel for diesel unit, converted to its permanent run during the time use of the hide-out
5. supply of filtered air 2,5 - 5,0 m³ for one person for one hour.

3. From the point of view of lay-out solution the permanent hide-outs are divided into

1. main areas - rooms for hiding persons and service rooms
2. auxiliary areas - operational rooms, i.e. technical operational block and internal communications
3. entrances and exits

4. Areas of permanent hide-outs entered in paragraph 3 are divided according to the purpose in operation into incontaminatable and contaminatable.
5. The construction of permanent hide-outs must fulfil conditions according to part I of the annex so as to ensure protection against

1. pressure impacts
2. contamination by radiation
3. thermal effects in fires
4. effects against escape of dangerous harmful substances
5. flooding

6. The construction of permanent hide-outs must be connected to the construction of the structure of the object in which permanent hide-outs are being established.
7. The contractor (supplier) of the structure of the object must for construction of permanent hide-outs use only monolithic or prefabricated reinforced concrete constructions.
8. Gasproofness of permanent hide-outs is ensured by outside and inside cladding, whereas

1. the outside cladding ensures gas-proof department of internal space from outside environment.
2. internal gas-proof divisions ensure dividing of internal incontaminable and contaminable parts of permanent hide-outs.

9. Permanent hide-outs are equipped with

1. facility for water supply and sewers
2. facility for electrical power supply
3. pneumatic facility
4. telecommunication facility
5. signalling facility for signalling their position in case of avalanche
6. facility for ensuring of conditions necessary for stay of the hiding persons
7. fire extinguishing facility

10. Systems and parts of engineering-technical facilities are supplied so that they could be used for operation also in time of peace.

1. Accident hide-outs are protective structures and areas, which

1. ensure gas-proofness of the structure
2. ensure supply of filtered air for hiding persons
3. create conditions for short term stay of hiding persons, i.e. at least for two days

2. For a short term stay of hiding persons it is necessary to ensure

1. supply of potable water of the volume corresponding to the need of 3 l for a person and a day
2. supply of decontaminating water in the volume of 300 L
3. supply of cooling water for facility of pneumatic system; the volume is specified with regard to kind and type of technological facility
4. supply of filtered air 2,8 - 3,9 m³ for one person and for one hour.

3. From the point of view of lay-out solution the accident hide-outs are divided into

1. rooms for hiding persons
2. areas for technological facilities and for their operation
3. entrances and exits

4. Accident hide-outs are equipped with

1. filter-ventilation facilities
2. sanitary facility
3. telecommunication facility
4. electrical installation
5. tools for self-rescuing

5. The external peripheral construction must have as few opening and transfers as possible in order to fulfil protection against radioactive contamination and penetration of dangerous harmful substances
6. In designing of construction solutions prefabricated constructions and masonry partitions can be used. Gasproofness is ensured by gasproof outside cladding and by internal gasproof divisions.

1. Suitable underground or overground areas of structures are being selected for hide-outs built by self-help, which after carrying out of specified modifications must ensure protection of persons against effects of extraordinary events according to part III of the annex.
2. The structures selected for hide-outs built by self-help must fulfil requirements on

1. the distance from the place of hiding persons so that they could hide in case of endangerment
2. ensuring of protection against radiation contamination and against penetration of dangerous harmful substances
3. minimisation of the amount of work necessary for modification their areas
4. static and protective properties
5. ventilation by natural or forced ventilation by outside air from filter ventilation facility
6. sealing

1. protected workplaces are protective structures, which serve to the civilian protection in high alert of the state for ensuring of tasks connected to

1. protection of state institutions
2. commanding and control of rescue, localisation and liquidation work in the area.

2. Protected workplaces are being established in selected permanent hide-outs that have been constructed in time of peace.

This Regulation does not apply to structures for which a building permit has been issued before this Regulation has entered into force.

This Regulation shall enter into force on 1st December 1994.

Ladislav Pittner, sign manual
Annex of the Ministry of Interior  of the Slovak Republic No. 297/1994 Coll.

1. Basic area and volume indicators
1. Net floor area of the room for hiding persons 0,5 m²/1 person
2. Total built-up area 0,7-1,0 m²/1 person
3. Total built-up space 3,5-5,0 m³/1 person
4. Minimum clear height 2,3 m
5. Consumption of cooling water 20,0 m3max. for 1 250 persons
6. Consumption of service water 15,0 L/1person/1 day
7. Consumption of electrical power 30 W/1 person
2. Break-down of space and areas of rooms
1. Main space
1. Rooms for hiding persons 0,5 m²/1 person
2. Service room 12,0 m ²
2. Auxiliary space 24,0-50,0 m²
1. Machine room of filtration-ventilation facility ¹⁾

24,0 - 50,0 m²
2. Room for oxygen facility ¹⁾ (for recovery mode)

4,0 - 5,0 m²
3. Machine room of diesel unit (hereinafter only "DA")¹⁾

28,0 - 35,0 m²
4. Control room ²⁾ 9,0 - 12, 0 m²
5. Storehouse of fuel and grease 6,0 m²
6. Room with dry toilets ³⁾ 9,0 - 37,5 m²
7. Room of water management ⁴⁾ 15,0 - 35,0 m²
8. Flush toilets ⁵⁾ 6,0 m²
9. Internal communications ⁶⁾
3. Entrances and exits
1. Fight entrance

Back pressure hall ⁷⁾ 3,3 m²
Entering gate ⁸⁾ 8,0 m²
2. Peace entrance ⁶⁾
3. Emergency exit

1. Facility of pressure-gas and gas protection
1. Gasproof door
2. Pressure-gasproof door
3. Pressure-gasproof hatches
4. Floor gasproof hatches
5. Pressure-gasproof floor hatches
6. Gasproof hatches, windows and gates
7. Pressure-gasproof closures
2. Insulation against water
1. is designed in compliance with the requirements for founding of the structure and valid standards
2. in designing of insulation it is necessary to take into consideration maximum calculation load of individual parts of peripheral construction of pressure-gasproof cladding of permanent hide-out.

1. Drive in width of communication will be determined according to the formula

 
V₁ + V₂
š= ------------------ + 6 m
2

 
where V₁ and V₂ are heights of opposite buildings reaching up to the roof bolster, expressed in meters. In case of one-sided construction in stead of 6m are 3 m added.

2. Systems of engineering-technical facility of permanent hide-outs must be designed from type or standard parts.
3. Filtration ventilation facility must ensure operation in basic modes.
1. Partly filtration ventilation
2. Filtration ventilation
3. Insulation
4. Recovery ¹⁰⁾
4. In permanent hide-outs of the capacity over 300 hiding persons and in permanent hide-outs with recovery facility the supply of electrical power must be ensured by a stand-by source (DA).
5. The capacity is given by the sum of places for lying and sitting of hiding persons, whereas the places for lying must form 20% - 30% from the total number of places in a permanent hide-out.

1. Basic area and volume indicators
1. Net floor area of the room for hiding persons 0,5 m²/1 person
2. Built-up area 0,7-1,0 m²/1 person
3. Built-up space 2,0-4,0 m³/1 person
4. Minimum clear height 2,1 m
2. Break-down of space and their areas
1. Rooms for hiding persons 0,5 m²/1 person
2. Space for filtration and ventilation facility ¹¹⁾ min. 18.0 m²
3. Space for social facilities ¹²⁾ min. 3.0 m²
4. Space for putting of contaminated clothes ¹³⁾ 0,07 m²/1 person
5. Place for partial special cleaning of persons ¹⁴⁾ min. 1,0 m²

 

1. Filtration ventilation facility must ensure operation in the following modes.
1. Partial filtration ventilation
2. Insulation
2. In accident hide-outs of the capacity up to 300 hiding persons the supply of electrical power by a stand-by source (DA) is not required. In accident hide-outs with the capacity over 300 hiding persons, if the pneumatic facility requires DA, then it is recommended to utilise peace DA located in their surrounding.

1. Basic area and volume indicators
1. Floor area 0,5 m²/1 person
2. Minimum clear height 2,1 m
3. Potable water supply 2,0 l / 1 person / 1 day
4. Amount of feed-in outside air ¹⁵⁾ 10,0 and 14,0 m³ 1 person / 1 day
 
2. Break-down of space and their areas
1. Rooms for hiding persons 1,5 m²/1 person
2. Space for social facilities ¹⁶⁾ min. 3.0 m²
3. Space for putting of contaminated clothes 0,07 m²/1 person
4. Machine room of pneumatic system ¹⁷⁾

1. Improvement of protective properties will be achieved
1. by reinforcing of weak places of peripheral constructions, particularly of door, window and ventilation openings
2. by constructing of sealing walls.
2. For entrances the doors are used without glass fillings, which must be opened outwards. It is suitable to design two entrance doors behind each other with the space of at least 160 cm.
3. Sealing wall is located from outside or inside of the hide-out as close to the entrance (drive-in) as possible, however always so that the passing width of the door be preserved. The height of the sealing wall must not cover the whole opening and must be built up to the height of at least 1,7 m from the floor level.
4. The sills of window spaces shall be at least 170 cm above the floor.
5. Fenestration openings shall be at least 65 cm above the place for lying.
6. Sealing will be achieved by sealing of all openings leading to the hide-out using all accessible sealing materials.

1. Natural ventilation ¹⁸⁾ is ensured in the hide-outs with the capacity of up to 50 hiding persons. If their capacity is higher than 50 hiding persons and consists of several smaller rooms then each room must have independent natural ventilation.
1. Outside air is fed by a chimney, ¹⁹⁾ the suction opening of which must be 1,5 to 2,0 m above the level of the terrain and which discharges in hide-outs 0,5 m above the floor.
2. Degraded (fuggy) air is led by the chimney with the discharge of 0,2 to 0,25 m above the roof and led out as high to the space outside the hide-out as possible, at least by 2 m higher than the suction opening of the incoming air is located.
3. The chimneys are made by make-do way, i.e. from steel, asbestos, novodur and other pipes or they are made from boards.
2. Forced ventilation will be ensured in hide-outs of the capacity above 50 hiding persons or in hide-outs, where it is not possible to ensure suitable natural ventilation. In order to ensure forced ventilation it is possible to use
1. existing pneumatic facility (or fans) with additionally established chimneys from local sources,
2. fans for electromanual drive

1. Total value of all coefficients effecting protective properties of the structure is called protective coefficient of the structure. It is expressed by a resulting number, which indicates, how many times is the level of radiation acting on persons in the hide-out lower than that the level of radiation in free terrain.
2. The main factor affecting the value of protective coefficient of the structure is the thickness of peripheral walls and the ceiling. The ceiling construction above the hide-out can be, by the influence of superstructure, by 20% to 40% thinner than the thickness of peripheral masonry for the given protective coefficient of the structure.
3. For selection of the area for the hide-out the following orientation values of material and thickness of basic building constructions protruding above the terrain apply for protective coefficients of the structure 50 and 100 :

1. On the area of I, II and III category the protective coefficient of the structure must reach the value K_o = minimum 100.
2. On the area of IV category the protective coefficient of the structure must reach the value K_o = minimum 50.